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Data assimilation is the process of combining our knowledge of a system, including both observations and dynamics, to produce estimates of the state of a system. The state of a system, or state variab...
The concept of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) is that of an integrated global network that systematically acquires and disseminates data and data products in response to the information need...
This book encapsulates the enormous progress made in the 1990s in understanding the ocean circulation and the role of the ocean in climate change. The basis for much of the knowledge used in the book ...
The National Oceanographic Partnership Program (NOPP) was legislatively established in 1997 in Public Law 104-201 to promote a number of national goals through improved knowledge of the oceans and to ...
On July 31, 2003, an Earth Observations Summit was held in Washington D.C. that, if its proponents are correct, will herald a concerted effort to provide the monitoring of our global environment that ...
Oceanographers have long dreamed of a detailed, 4-D view of the ocean. The last decade has witnessed a revolution in autonomous ocean observing capabilities as new platforms and sensors developed, and...
This is an exciting time for oceanography. We as a community are poised to pursue scientific problems that have challenged oceanographers for over 50 years while simultaneously giving back to the soci...
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has the broadest and most complex ocean mandate of any Federal agency, and an array of observation programs to match. While those observing p...
Awell conceived business case is critical to the success of any enterprise. The purpose of this paper is to present considerations for establishing the business case for the global observing system. F...
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) represent a diverse range of phenomena that universally share only two characteristics: they produce effects on ecosystems or food resources that humans perceive as harmful...
Offshore Arctic waters are the most remote and unexplored areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Generally covered by sea ice for most of the year, these waters are characterized by darkness for up to six ...
Population connectivity is inherently bio-physical: it is determined by physical transport and dispersion, as well as biological processes such as timing of spawning, larval behavior, and mortality. K...
Interactions with the seafloor are a controlling characteristic of coastal environments, resulting in unique and intensified processes that define the coastal ecosystem (Figure 1). At the most fundame...
Continental shelves and the waters overlying them support numerous industries as diverse as tourism and recreation, energy extraction, fisheries, transportation, and applications of marine bio-molecul...
Continuous monitoring by the Pacific Islands Ocean Observing System (PacIOOS) provided a unique opportunity to study the effects of two tsunamis on the coastal and estuarine waters of Hawai'i. By the ...

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