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Study offers neurological explanation for how brains bias partisans against new information（图）
大脑 神经学 信息生物学
2023/6/26
People who share a political ideology have more similar ‘neural fingerprints’ of political words and process new information in similar ways, according to a new analysis led by Brown University resear...
The word lists packaged and shared amongst researchers to measure for bias in online texts often carry words, or “seeds,” with baked-in biases and stereotypes, which could skew their findings, new Cor...
Bias-variance Decomposition in Machine Learning-based Side-channel Analysis
Side-channel analysis Machine learning Deep learning
2019/5/28
Machine learning techniques represent a powerful option in profiling side-channel analysis. Still, there are many settings where their performance is far from expected. In such occasions, it is very i...
UMass Amherst Computer Scientists Develop New Technique to Measure Social Bias in Software（图）
UMass Amherst Computer Scientists New Technique Measure Social Bias Software
2017/9/5
Today, banks are increasingly using software to decide who will get a loan, courts to judge who should be denied bail, and hospitals to choose treatments for patients. These uses of software make it c...
A study comparing acceptance rates of contributions from men and women in an open-source software community finds that, overall, women’s contributions tend to be accepted more often than men’s – but w...
Linear Cryptanalysis Using Low-bias Linear Approximations
Linear cryptanalysis Multiple linear cryptanalysis Multi-key linear cryptanalysis
2017/3/6
This paper deals with linear approximations having absolute bias smaller than 2−n22−n2 which were previously believed to be unusable for a linear attack. We show how a series of observatio...
Scalable Bias-Resistant Distributed Randomness
public randomness collective signing secret sharing
2016/12/7
Bias-resistant public randomness is a critical component required in many (distributed) protocols. Generating public randomness is hard, however, because active adversaries behave dishonestly in order...
Testing the effectiveness of the oath script in reducing the hypothetical bias in the Contingent Valuation Method
cheap talk script Contingent Valuation oath script Willingness-To-Pay
2016/9/1
The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of the oath script (HO) in an hypothetical Contingent Valuation survey in a Mediterranean country (e.g. Italy). Hence, there were conducted the ...
Bias and Conditioning in Sequential medical trials
clinical trials frequentism Bayesianism sequential analysis hypothesis test conditioning
2016/5/30
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are currently the gold standard within evidence-based medicine. Usually, they are conducted as sequential trials allowing for monitoring for early signs of effectiv...
Bias-Variance Tradeoffs in Program Analysis
Program Analysis Machine Learning Verification
2016/5/24
It is often the case that increasing the precision of a program analysis leads to worse results. It is our thesis that this phenomenon is the result of fundamental limits on the ability to use precise...
Walsh-Hadamard Transform and Cryptographic Applications in Bias Computing
(Sparse) Walsh-Hadamard Transform Linear cryptanalysis Bias analysis
2016/5/3
Walsh-Hadamard transform is used in a wide variety of scientific and engineering applications, including bent functions and cryptanalytic optimization techniques in cryptography. In linear cryptanalys...
Where There Is a Will:Fertility Behavior and Sex Bias in Large Families
Fertility Behavior Sex Bias Large Families
2016/3/3
This paper demonstrates that the social institutions of lineage maintenance, patrilocality, and joint families have a significant role in explaining sex differences in survival and health outcomes in ...
Heterogeneous Income Profi les and Lifecycle Bias in Intergenerational Mobility Estimation
Lifecycle Bias Intergenerational Mobility Estimation
2016/3/2
Using short snapshots of income in intergenerational mobility estimation
causes “lifecycle bias” if the snapshots cannot mimic lifetime outcomes.
We use uniquely long series of Swedish income data...
Architectural Bias: a Novel Statistical Metric to Evaluate Arbiter PUF Variants
Architectural bias arbiter PUF (APUF) double APUF (DAPUF)
2016/1/27
This paper introduces the notion of Architectural Bias, which can be used to measure the influence of the architecture of Arbiter Physically Unclonable Functions (APUFs) on the quality of its outputs....
Bias Correction for Fixed Effects Spatial Panel Data Models
Bootstrap Spatial Panel Individual Fixed Effects Time Fixed Effects
2016/1/26
This paper examines the finite sample properties of the quasi maximum likelihood (QML) esti-mators of the fixed effects spatial panel data (FE-SPD) models of Lee and Yu (2010). Following the general b...