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Short-chain fatty acids, prebiotics, synbiotics, and systemic inflammation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
short-chain fatty acids prebiotics synbiotics C-reactive protein IL-6 TNF-α systemic inflammation humans
2018/11/16
Background: Prebiotic soluble fibers are fermented by beneficial bacteria in the colon to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are proposed to have systemic anti-inflammatory effects.
ω-3 and ω-6 long-chain PUFAs and their enzymatic metabolites in neovascular eye diseases
lipid metabolism long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid retinopathy of prematurity diabetic retinopathy age-related macular degeneration
2018/11/14
Neovascular eye diseases, including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, threaten the visual health of children and adults. Current treatment options...
Odd-chain fatty acids as a biomarker for dietary fiber intake: a novel pathway for endogenous production from propionate
soluble fiber fermentation pentadecanoic heptadecanoic liver long-chain fatty acid
2018/11/14
Background: The risk of type 2 diabetes is inversely correlated with plasma concentrations of odd-chain fatty acids [OCFAs; pentadecanoic acid (15:0) and heptadecanoic acid (17:0)], which are consider...
Omega-3 long-chain PUFA intake during pregnancy and allergic disease outcomes in the offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies and randomized controlled trials
allergic disease n–3 LC-PUFA pregnancy allergy prevention fatty acids randomized controlled trial prenatal supplementation asthma eczema hayfever
2018/11/23
Background: There is some evidence that increased maternal intake of omega-3 (n–3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) during pregnancy may reduce the incidence of immunoglobulin E (IgE)...
Substrate oxidation and control of food intake in men after a fat-substitute meal compared with meals supplemented with an isoenergetic load of carbohydrate, long-chain triacylglycerols, or medium-chain triacylglycerols
Humans hunger signal satiety
2016/6/14
It has been suggested that hunger may be delayed
and food intake reduced under metabolic conditions that spare
carbohydrate oxidation.
Inverse association between trans isomeric and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cord blood lipids of full-term infants
maternal diet maternal nutrition prenatal nutrition
2016/6/14
We studied healthy full-term infants (n = 42) born after
normal pregnancies and deliveries. All infants had a family history
of atopy (both parents or one of the parents and a sibling had
atopic sy...
Dietary supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid, but not with other long-chain n−3 or n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, decreases natural killer cell activity in healthy subjects aged >55 y
Fish oil immunity natural killer cell
2016/6/12
Animal studies showed that dietary flaxseed oil
[rich in the n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid -linolenic acid
(ALA)], evening primrose oil [rich in the n6 polyunsaturated
fatty acid -linolenic acid (...
Maternal diet, length of gestation, and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid status of infants at birth
Maternal diet length of gestation
2016/6/1
Interest in carotenoids has increased over the past decade from scientists involved in a variety of disciplines. Although some human nutritionists have focused their efforts on the potential role of c...
Comparison of the effect of medium-chain and long-chain triacylglycerols on calcium absorption in healthy subjects
Calcium calcium absorption long-chain triacylglycerols
2016/5/31
The absorption efficiency of calcium in humans is
low. Some studies in infants have shown that calcium absorption
can be increased by adding medium-chain triacylglycerols to the
formula diet.
Enhanced postprandial energy expenditure with medium-chain fatty acid feeding is attenuated after 14 d in premenopausal women
respiratory quotient fat oxidation carbohydrate oxidation
2016/5/31
Medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs) are
reported to enhance human energy expenditure (EE), although
few studies have involved women and the duration of such
effects is only known for periods of <7...
Leucine metabolism in preterm infants receiving parenteral nutrition with medium-chain compared with long-chain triacylglycerol emulsions
Parenteral nutrition protein metabolism preterm infants
2016/5/30
Although medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCTs)
may be utilized more efficiently than long-chain triacylglycerols
(LCTs), their effect on protein metabolism remains controversial.
Umbilical vessels of preeclamptic women have low contents of both n−3 and n−6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
Preeclampsia fatty acids umbilical vessels
2016/5/30
Preeclampsia is characterized by enhanced platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction and is related to an elevated ratio of thromboxane A2 to prostacyclin I2.
Fat malabsorption in cystic fibrosis patients receiving enzyme replacement therapy is due to impaired intestinal uptake of long-chain fatty acids
fat malabsorption fat balance lipolysis
2016/5/27
Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy frequently
fails to correct intestinal fat malabsorption completely in
cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. The reason for this failure is
unknown.
Can long-chain PUFA supplementation during pregnancy influence later obesity risk?
long-chain PUFA upplementation pregnancy obesity risk
2018/11/30
Epigenetic regulation of adipose tissue by maternal diet during pregnancy could be the next primary prevention strategy to reduce obesity (1). It is well known that human phenotype can be influenced b...
Reduction of the n–6:n–3 long-chain PUFA ratio during pregnancy and lactation on offspring body composition: follow-up results from a randomized controlled trial up to 5 y of age
body composition LCPUFA obesity preschool age prevention
2018/11/30
Background: It has been hypothesized that the n–6:n–3 (ω-6:ω-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LCPUFA) ratio in the maternal diet during the prenatal and early postnatal phase positively affec...